RESEARCH

A SCHOLARSHIP OF THE EGO

Make no mistake, getting dressed is a social process, and there is nothing inherently bad about that. The problem presents in the tendency to participate in this process unconsciously. Not only does the clothing we wear as our second skin directly impact our comfort, confidence, and interactions with others, it is a material object that is produced by the world’s most vulnerable workers, and its over production is at the heart of our environmental crisis. It’s worth taking a look at how we use it.

BE YOU.

BE MINDFUL.

01

ALTERNATIVES TO CONSUMERISM

Fashion research scholars have a responsibility to explore alternatives that offer clothing users a defense against consumerism. This involves studying and understanding sustainable consumption practices that go beyond material possession.

02

MINDFULNESS AND WELL-BEING

There is a need for consumer behavior theory to evolve to include an understanding of experiences and how economic choices impact satisfaction in various domains of existence, such as individual well-being, society, and the environment.

03

UNCHARTED TERRITORY

Consumer behavior theory must evolve to include spiritual experiences and practices to fully comprehend how economic choices influence satisfaction in individual well-being, society, and the environment. A holistic understanding of clothing consumption is imperative, yet uncharted.

WHY RESEARCH?

Well-being and mindfulness are increasingly part of the popular vernacular, and consumer behavior theory must evolve to include an understanding of experiences. The study of consumer psychology has generally focused on behaviors that lead to economic outcomes as a result of material possession, as if economic choices do not impact satisfaction in other domains of existence (e.g., individual, society, environment). Our understanding of the motives that drive acquisition is well developed while the experience that follows is generally uncharted.

There are many pathways to greater well-being, satisfaction, and mindfulness that occur after product acquisition, including foregoing acquisition altogether, and those are worthy of examination, as they may better illustrate where clothing users may harness their full agency to deploy sustainable consumption.

The roles that spirituality and spiritual practice play in the economic domain is a relatively new area of research and a largely unexplored area of consumer behavior related to fashion. The climate crisis has created the need to move toward degrowth, to live smaller and lighter, and this begs for more understanding about how to motivate it, especially in the most developed and wealthiest parts of the world.

The Covid-19 pandemic has assuredly punctuated the capacity of human behavior to shift quickly and dramatically, and there is evidence to suggest that, even for a short time, many clothing users paused to reflect about the quantity and scale of their clothing consumption, as they prioritized their health and well-being. As a researcher, there are some concepts or theories that researchers will find helpful to the investigation understanding these transformations, including those in the sustainable clothing consumption domain.

LENSES ON THE WORK

Voluntary Simplicity

Voluntary simplicity (VS), also known as simple living or downshifting, is a lifestyle choice that emphasizes minimizing the consumption of material goods and wealth for its own sake.
Voluntary simplicity (VS), also known as simple living or downshifting, is a lifestyle choice that emphasizes minimizing the consumption of material goods and wealth for its own sake. It is a way of life that rejects the high-consumption, materialistic lifestyles of consumer cultures and affirms what is truly important in life. The concept was initially articulated by Richard Gregg in his 1936 essay “The Value of Voluntary Simplicity.” Gregg’s conception was inspired by many well-known spiritual leaders, including Buddha, Moses, Mohammed, St. Francis, and the Hindu rishis. Hence, VS is unavoidably about how morality actuates itself in the domain of consumption through the expression of spiritual insight. Though VS was initially described as a movement with spiritual or religious orientations (Gregg, 1936; Zrałek, 2016), it has expanded over time to different ecological, social, and economic orientations.

Minimalism

Minimalism assuredly lives under the umbrella of voluntary simplicity but draws the most from the consumption-focused motives, values, and practices.
Minimalism assuredly lives under the umbrella of voluntary simplicity but draws the most from the consumption-focused motives, values, and practices of VS and appears to revive the notion of spiritual experience in regard to creating a sustainable lifestyle. This approach involves eliminating the excess in one’s life to focus on what matters most. It is less about opposing or ending consumption and more about ethical consumption, placing individual morality at the center of consumption decisions in place of a blanket opposition to consumer society. It has been proposed as a new type of spirituality and a lifestyle oriented to human well-being that has implications across the entire consumption process by eliminating the desire for possessions and consequent distraction, so one may achieve inner peace.

Terror Management

Terror Management Theory (TMT) is a psychological theory that explores how people cope with the fear of death.
Terror Management Theory (TMT) is a psychological theory that explores how people cope with the fear of death, and it has been used as a way to understand how people have coped during the COVID-19 pandemic, which created an existential threat. According to TMT, people adopt worldviews that help them protect their self-esteem and worthiness, giving them a sense of immortality. Questions persist about how mortality salience may be navigated differently, depending on culture or religion and other alternative belief systems that are focused around improving one’s well-being. TMT has been used to understand consumption change amidst crises that are driven by both internal (e.g., spirituality, stress reduction, career satisfaction) and external drivers (e.g., socio-economic concerns, political initiatives).

Social Practice Theory

Social Practice Theory (SPT) is a body of social theory within anthropology and sociology that explains society and culture as the result of structure and individual agency.
Social Practice Theory (SPT) is a body of social theory within anthropology and sociology that explains society and culture as the result of structure and individual agency. SPT provides a framework for guiding and analyzing the processes that daily life involves. Practice theory moves beyond social- or identity-oriented explanations for behavior by examining actual behavior involved in a consumptive practice, shifting the focus of concern from consumer to practitioner. It is particularly relevant to sustainability-related consumption since consumption activities are often shaped by routines and habits rather than a rational or planned endeavor. Most consumers are unaware of the impact of their consumption routines, as this impact is not a part of the meaning consumers associate with their habits.

INTERESTED IN COLLABORATING?

Research Highlights

CLOTHES SHARING

CLOTHES SHARING

Could clothing renting and resale platforms promote sustainable fashion consumption? Probably not. Research reveals that the primary motives to engage in clothes sharing via online platforms are saving money, saving time, finding desirable product assortment, utility, and no burden of ownership.

Article: The Conversation

Research: Sustainability and collaborative apparel consumption

Research: Is money the biggest driver?

Learn more about resale: Online Clothing Resale

Learn more about rental: Will “no-ownership” work for apparel?

PERSONAL ATTRIBUTES

PERSONAL ATTRIBUTES

Though being female with a high interest in fashion trends has been shown to increase one’s clothing and acquisition habits, fashion need not contradict sustainability. Research shows that even a high interest in fashion may increase an intention to adopt emerging sustainable fashion business models that reduce material consumption and services like styling or repair to support clothing longevity. Even a desire for distinction from others has been correlated with greater acceptance of new models, such redesigned clothing, clothing repair, renting, swapping, and style consultancy services.

Research: Personal Attributes: Influences on Clothing Disposal Reasons and Frequency

Research: Fashion leadership and intention toward clothing product-service retail models

Research: Creativity and sustainable apparel retail models

COVID-19

COVID-19

Research shows that Covid-19 dramatically affected how people shopped for fashion. For a substantive segment of the global population, it shifted attitudes among clothing users, inspiring them to embrace minimalism, gratitude, consciousness, decreased fashion desire, and a desire for longevity and style confidence. which reveals potential for a the lasting shift towards more sustainable consumption patterns.

Research: Fashion consumption during COVID-19

Research: When mortality knocks: Pandemic-inspired attitude shifts

FASHION DETOX

FASHION DETOX

Research has shown that taking a prolonged period of time away from shopping altogether is an ideal way to jump start sustainable consumption. Taking a “detox” results in a better understanding of your personal style, tempers your desire for more, and help temptations.

Research: Educating for Sustainable Fashion

Research: Creativity and Sustainable Fashion Apparel Consumption: The Fashion Detox

Research: Fostering sustainable consumption via consumer–brand relationships

STYLE CONFIDENCE

STYLE CONFIDENCE

Research shows that style confident clothing users are significantly more likely to practice wardrobe engagement (e.g., closet organization, sorting) and preservation (e.g., repair, careful storage) strategies. Style confidence can be fostered by strengthening one’s style longevity, aesthetic perceptual ability, creativity, appearance importance, and personal authenticity.

Research: Clothing style confidence

MINIMALISM

MINIMALISM

Research shows that adopting minimalism can enhance well-being and decrease depression, which includes decluttering, cautious shopping, choosing longevity, and focusing on self-sufficiency.

Research: Minimalism as a sustainable lifestyle: Its behavioral representations and contributions to emotional well-being

EMOTIONAL ATTACHMENT

EMOTIONAL ATTACHMENT

Research has shown that emotional attachment is a key element that supports clothing longevity. A garment’s utility and the memories we make with it are important drivers to establishing this emotional relationship with our clothes. One of the key challenges, however, is to keep these items in use, as some of our oldest clothing items are often relegated to storage.

Research: Towards Design Recipes to Curb the Clothing Carbohydrate Binge

Research: From pleasure in use to preservation of meaningful memories

Research: Fostering sustainable consumption via consumer–brand relationships

BUDDHIST ECONOMICS

Download Buddhist Economics Bibliography

MINDFUL CONSUMPTION

Download Mindful Consumption Bibliography

MINIMALISM

Download Minimalism Bibliography

VOLUNTARY SIMPLICITY

Download Voluntary Simplicity Bibliography

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